中文摘要：

以苹果种植户为案例，从农药认知和施药行为两个维度，采用描述性统计分析方法及源自甘肃、陕西、山东、河南4省1086住苹果种植户数据，考察、分析农户农药施用行为及状况。结果表明：苹果种植户农药认知与农药选择、农药施用及废弃物处置之间存在偏差。针对苹果种植户在农药认知、农药施用方面存在的问题，围绕促进中国苹果产业升级、要素市场规制、农产品市场环境优化，建议政府应该切实注重发挥优质优价的导向效应，强化果农合作组织的服务功能，引导苹果种植户合理施用农药。

英文摘要：

Based on an investigation of 1 086 apple growers pesticide perception and behavior in Gansu, Shaanxi, Henan and Shandong provinces by national apple industry system, it is discovered that： The pesticide perception and the pesticide use behavior of apple growers are bias to each other. According to the status and problems of apple growers~pes- ticide perception and pesticide use behavior, in order to promote apple industry upgrading and improve the quality of con- sumer life, the government must perfect factors and products market, based mainly on market mechanism, strengthen the service function of farmer cooperatives and regulate farmers~ pestidde use behavior.