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中文摘要：
提出一种包括零部件系统的材料类型、零件规格、零件厚度的组合结构并以质量及成本最小化为目标的多目标优化方法。常规的轻量化设计往往在零件材料或者零件规格单一化的基础上对零件厚度进行优化设计。推导出这种多材料—多零件规格组合结构的多目标优化的数学模型。通过将材料类型而不是材料的多个属性、零件规格而不是零件的几何和价格属性定义为离散变量,大大降低了优化问题的复杂程度。采用最优拉丁试验计及最小二乘响应面方法构建多目标优化系统的各个目标及约束性能参数的近似模型。利用多目标遗传优化算法NSGA-II（非支配解排序遗传算法）对多目标优化模型进行优化。利用此方法对某转向盘进行轻量化设计,为验证优化结果建立转向盘抗压试验台架。结果验证了该方法的可行性。
英文摘要：
A multi-objective optimization method is proposed,which includes the composite structure of material type,parts specifications and parts thickness of the part system and takes minimization of weight and cost as objective.A mathematical model of multi-objective optimization of such a multi-material-multi-part specification composite structure is also proposed.In the mathematical model,the material type,rather than a number of material properties,parts specifications,rather than part geometry and price properties,are defined as discrete variables,thus greatly reducing the complexity of optimization problems.Then the optimal Latin squares design of experimental method and least-squares response surface method are adopted to construct the objectives and constraints.The approximate model is optimized by using NSGA-II.The proposed method is illustrated through a case of lightweight design of a steering wheel,and a steering wheel compression test rig is built to verify the optimization result,which proves the feasibility of this method.
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