中文摘要：

利用同轴电喷射技术,分别以含水甘油和溶解于N,N-二甲基乙酰胺（DMAC）的聚氨酯（PU）溶液为内、外相电喷液,制备中空PU微囊,考察了电喷液组成及流速对其结构的影响.结果表明,以80%（？）甘油溶液和10%（ω）PU溶液为内、外相电喷液,在流速分别为0.05和1 m L/h、电压约22 k V、针头距接收板48 cm、温度30℃、湿度约10%的条件下,可制备出结构均一的中空PU微囊.在上述电喷射条件下,将南极假丝酵母脂肪酶B（CALB）溶解于内相电喷液中,原位包埋在PU微囊腔室内.固定化CALB的活性回收率为游离酶的76.19%,重复使用10次后活性仍保持60%以上,60℃下的半衰期比游离酶提高了8倍.

英文摘要：

Hollow polyurethane（PU） microcapsules were prepared by co-axial electrospraying technology, with glycerol containing certain content of water and PU dissolved in N, N-dimethylacetamide（DMAC） as internal and external phase electro-spraying solutions, respectively. The effects of the solution composition and flow rate on the morphology of the microcapsule were investigated. The results showed that uniform hollow PU microcapsules were successfully fabricated, using co-axial electrospraying of 80%（？） glycerol and DMAC solution of 10%（ω） PU as internal and external phase electrospraying solution, under the conditions of the solution flow rates of 0.05 and 1 m L/h, voltage about 22 k V, distance of 48 cm between spinneret and collector, temperature of 30 ℃, and humility of 10%. By dissolving definite amount of Candida antarctica lipase B（CALB） in the internal phase electrospraying solution, the enzyme was in-situ encapsulated inside the hollow cavity of PU microcapsules. The original biocatalytic activity of encapsulated CALB was 76.19% of the free CALB, and about 60% after 10 times recycles. Thermal stability of CALB showed that the half-life of CALB at 60 ℃ was prolonged about 8 times after encapsulation.