中文摘要：

超高速撞击过程的能量分配研究,对于解决动能撞击、发展导弹拦截技术、判定空间飞行器被撞事件及评估碰撞破坏程度具有重要的理论意义.论文在总结前人关于超高速撞击过程能量分配的基础上,将超高速撞击厚靶过程中弹丸的动能分配归纳为靶板的变形能、弹丸与靶板作用过程应力波传播使靶板内能的增加、撞击产生碎片的崩溅能和产生电磁辐射的辐射能,并结合理论推导、实验和数值模拟对撞击速度为2.61km/s且正碰撞2A12铝靶的能量分配进行了定量计算.研究结果表明：无论在弹坑的形貌、尺寸还是辐射温度等方面,实验测量结果、理论推导结果与数值模拟的结果均基本吻合.该研究成果在解决行驶中的车辆碰撞问题以及航空飞行器遭遇鸟撞等领域亦有重要的参考价值.

英文摘要：

The study on partitioning of energy in hypervelocity impact is theoretically significant to resolving problems involving high kinetic energy impact,developing missile intercept technology,analyzing collided spacecraft,and evaluating collision damages.Based on the previous research on partitioning of energy in hypervelocity impact,the kinetic energy of projectile in hypervelocity impact on thick target was divided into four parts,i.e.the deformation energy,the increase in internal energy of target board due to stress wave propagation,the splashing energy of debris,and the electromagnetic radiant energy.Through a combination of theoretical derivation,experiments and numerical simulation,the partitioning of energy in the direct impact of projectile at the velocity of 2.61km/s on the 2A12 aluminum target was quantitatively calculated.The results of numerical simulation on crater morphology,size and radiant temperature were basically consistent with those of experiments and theoretical derivation.The research results provide useful knowledge in solving the problems of moving vehicle collisions and bird strikes.