中文摘要：

采用铜模吸铸法制备Nd56Fe30Al10Dy4大块非晶合金，利用差示扫描量热仪（DSC）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电镜（SEM）研究了该合金晶化过程中磁性及微观结构的变化。结果表明，铸态下合金表现为明显的硬磁性，在765K退火后，合金中有少量晶态相产生，内禀矫顽力和饱和磁化强度略有下降。随着退火温度升高，合金中晶态相的相对含量逐渐增加，非晶相的相对含量逐渐减少，饱和磁化强度逐渐降低，但其内禀矫顽力变化不大。810K退火后，合金完全晶化，铁磁性消失。结合合金的磁性能、微观结构、铁磁交换耦合作用的结果分析，Nd基大块非晶合金的矫顽力来源于合金中非晶相，但非晶相的相对含量却对矫顽力影响不大，这可以用强钉扎机制进行解释。

英文摘要：

Nd56Fe30Al10Dy4 bulk amorphous alloy was prepared by copper mould casting. The magnetic properties and microstructure ofthe alloy during crystallization process were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, X-ray diffraction （XRD）, vibratingsample magnetometry （VSM） and scanning electron microscope （SEM）. Results indicate that the as-cast alloy exhibits hard magneticbehavior. A few crystalline phases are observed and the intrinsic coercivity and saturation magnetization of the alloy decrease slightly afterannealing at 765 K. With increasing the annealing temperature, the volumeof amorphous phase decrease gradually in the alloy, while the saturationfractions of crystalline phase increase and the volume fractionsmagnetization of the alloy decrease gradually. It is worthy ofnoting that intrinsic coercivity changes slightly with increasing the annealing temperature. After annealing at 810 K, the alloy showsparamagnetic behavior while no amorphous alloy is observed. Based on the results of magnetic properties, microstructure andexchange-coupling interaction, it is found that coercivity of the alloy is derived from amorphous phase while it does not depend on thevolume fraction. The mechanism responsible for coercivity in Nd-based bulk amorphous alloys could be explained by a strong pinningmodel.