中文摘要：

为了探讨恢复方式对退化岩溶山区土壤生化特性的影响,对贵州南部岩溶山区退化地、不同恢复方式和对照原始林下土壤养分、微生物活性及群落结构进行了比较研究。结果表明：与退化地相比,不同恢复方式下土壤养分和微生物特性指标都有不同程度的提高;相对于对照原始林,不同恢复方式下大部分土壤养分和微生物功能活性指标的恢复程度分别为40%~75%和27%~60%,暗示着退化岩溶山区土壤微生物功能活性恢复滞后于土壤养分恢复;除土壤有效磷和蔗糖酶活性外,人工恢复方式（花椒和人还）的大部分土壤养分含量和土壤微生物活性恢复程度分别为对照的34%~47%和17%~47%,均低于自然恢复方式（还草和自还）的土壤养分和微生物活性恢复程度（对照的52%~78%和31%~61%）,意味着自然恢复方式提高土壤质量效果优于人工恢复方式;不同恢复方式下植被状况影响着退化岩溶土壤细菌的分子群落结构,但不同恢复方式间土壤细菌种的丰富度和多样性差异均不明显。

英文摘要：

The soil quality of a degraded mountainous karst region was taken as a case studies with different restoration measures for 3~15 years long-term fixed site harnessing in the south of Guizhou province.Topsoils were collecteded from selected eco-tesseras of degraded abandon lands,vegetation recovery lands and well-protected vegetation lands respectively.Soil chemical,biochemical and microbial properties were studied to elucidate the effects of restoration measures on soil quality.The results showed that：（1） Compared to the severely degraded field,soil quality indicated by soil nutrient pools,bacterial community structures and those parameters of microbiological activity such as microbial biomass carbon,basal respiration,potential respiration,soil enzyme activities increased under all restoration measures.（2）Compared to the native forest,the recovery degree of most soil nutrient pools and microbial activities was 40%~75% and 27%~60% respectively,indicating that the recovery rate of soil total nutrient pools was faster than those of microbiological activities.（3）Except available phosphorus and intervase activities,the recovery degree of major soil nutrient pools and microbial activities under artificial restoration measure was 34%~47% and 17%~47%,however,that under native restoration measures was 52%~78% and 31%~61%,indicating that native restoration measures were more effective approach to improve soil quality than artificial restoration measures.（4）The vegetation cover under different resotration measures affected soil bacterial genetic communities,however,no difference was found in soil bacterial species richness and Shannon＇s diversity under different restoration measures.