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中文摘要：
为了解广东地区水产动物源气单胞菌的耐药情况,采用K-B纸片法测定了112株1995-2012年来源于不同种类患病水产动物的气单胞菌对20种抗菌药的耐药性,数据用WHONET 5.6耐药监测软件分析。结果显示,气单胞菌对氨苄西林和头孢噻吩的耐药率分别高达85.7%和79.5%,其次对利福平、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、链霉素、萘啶酸、磺胺类、头孢西丁、四环素和磺胺甲基异恶唑/甲氧苄啶的耐药率分别达57.1%、51.8%、49.1%、44.6%、31.2%、28.6%、28.6%和21.4%;对氟喹诺酮类（氧氟沙星、诺氟沙星、环丙沙星）、头孢噻肟、头孢曲松、亚胺培南、阿米卡星、呋喃妥因、氯霉素和多西环素相对敏感。比较不同来源气单胞菌的耐药情况,结果显示爬行、两栖动物和观赏鱼来源的分离菌株对氟喹诺酮类、头孢类等药物的耐药率比养殖鱼、虾类的高;气单胞菌对常用抗菌药呈现不同程度的耐药,不同来源的气单胞菌的耐药率亦不尽相同。水产动物源气单胞菌存在多重耐药菌株应引起重视,今后在气单胞菌疾病防治方面要慎重用药,并且有必要开展水产动物源的细菌耐药性监测,以指导水产养殖合理用药。
英文摘要：
112 Aeromonas strains were isolated from various aquatic animals at different time in Guangdong province.Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used to detect the resistance of 112 strains against 20 commonly used antimicrobial agents.Resistance rates were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software.The overall resistance rates were highest for ampicillin（85.7%） and cephalothin（79.5%） followed by rifampicin（57.1%）,amoxicillin/clavulanic acid（51.8%）,streptomycin（49.1%）,sulfonamides（31.2%）,cefoxitin（28.6%）,tetracycline（28.6%） and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole（21.4%）.Aeromonas isolates were suseptible to most of antimicrobial agents and a low incidence（＆lt;10%） of resistance to imipenem（0.9%）,nitrofurantoin（0.9%）,ceftriaxone（1.8%）,cefotaxime（2.7%） and amikacin（3.6%） were observed.Although 46.6% of isolates displayed nalidixic acid resistance,majority of isolates were very susceptible to other kinds of fluroquinolones.Compared with the resistance rates of different antimicrobial agents from different origins of aquatic animals,fluroquinolones-and cephalosporins-resistance was more prevalent in strains from reptiles,amphibians and ornamental fishes than those from farm fishes and shrimps.Our results showed that antimicrobial-resistant Aeromonas were widespread in the aquaculture in Guangdong and show various resistant rates to different antimircrobial agents.There is a need to build a national surveillance system of antimicrobial resistance in aquaculture.
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