中文摘要：

基于1987年、2002年、2013年三期Landsat TM、ETM＋、OLI遥感影像提取研究区农村居民点时空分布信息,利用GIS空间分析、景观指数分析及多元线性回归分析干旱区绿洲农村居民点景观演化特征及驱动机制。研究表明：1农村居民点集中分布在绿洲内部平原区,其中城市周边及沿河道、道路是居民点空间聚集较明显的区域。2 1987-2013年农村居民点面积增长较形状变化更为显著。新建居民点和旧居民点边界扩张是导致研究区农村居民点面积显著增长主要原因,且在不同时空区域表现出不同的增长方式;居民点形状以矩形和近圆形居多,条带型较少。3通过对居民点景观演变机制进行分析,发现城市辐射距离、水源地远近及距离道路远近是影响农村居民点景观变化的首要因素,其次是人口规模,最后才是区域经济的发展。

英文摘要：

Rural settlements are the main landscape type in arid region, and is an important component of population- land relationship research. What is more, the change of landscape pattern of rural settlements is deeply influenced by development policies, population size,cultivated land resources, water resources and others factors in oases. The Heihe River Basin（HRB） is the second largest inland river basin in Northwest China and it is also a hotspot region where there is a complex relationship between population and land use. Recently, many scholars have studied the relationships between population and water and land use in the HRB,however, there was less research on quantitative landscape description and driving mechanism analysis of rural settlements. Therefore, this paper takes the midstream area of the HRB as our study area, using 1987, 2002, 2013 Landsat TM / ETM ＋ and OLI remote sensing images to extract the spatio- temporal distributed information of rural settlements. Taking advantage of GIS spatial analysis, landscape index analysis and multiple linear regression methods it reveals the rural settlement landscape evolution and driving mechanism. The main conclusions are as follows： 1 The oases is the main concentrated region of rural settlements. Then, around cities and along rivers and roads are obvious agglomeration areas of rural settlements; 2 Landscape index changes show that area growth is more significant than shape change of rural settlements from 1987 to 2013. The main reason for remarkable growth of rural settlements is the expansion of rural settlement land and newly- built rural settlements, which presents different spatial and temporal patterns in the study area. And rectangle, band and nearly round are the main shapes of rural settlements; 3 The distance to cities, rivers, and roads is the primary factor that affects the landscape changes of rural settlements, followed by population size, and the last is regional economic development.