中文摘要：

随着海洋观测技术的进步，新的海洋数据在大气海洋研究中得到应用。卫星海面高度观测反映了海洋的热力及动力状况，是海洋状况的重要指标。利用多颗卫星观测融合的海面高度异常（Sea Level Anomaly，SLA）资料分析了海面高度异常与华南前汛期3—4月降水异常的关系。结果表明，从气候状况而言，华南前汛期3—4月降水的主要影响系统为西太平洋副热带高压（简称西太副高），其外围的西南气流为华南提供充足的水汽输送；年际尺度，华南前汛期3—4月降水指数与850 hPa等压面上100-140 °E范围内的副高脊线的南北位置为显著负相关关系，与青藏高原东南侧（105-115°E，20-25 °N）的西南风为显著正相关关系。利用大气向外长波辐射（OLR）及再分析资料的分析表明，西南太平洋（150°E-170°W，10-5°S）的海面高度异常将引起菲律宾以东广大洋面上OLR异常及相应的潜热释放异常，当这一海域的海面高度偏高时，西太副高位置较常年偏北，青藏高原东南侧西南风将偏弱，不利于向华南地区的水汽输送及辐合，华南降水偏少。

英文摘要：

With the development of technology in oceanographic observation, new types of data are applied to the research on atmosphere and ocean. Sea level anomaly（SLA） observations from satellites can represent the oceanic dynamic and thermodynamic conditions, which are crucial to the influence of ocean on the atmosphere. In this paper, we used SLA data, derived from merged muti-satellite along track observations, to analyze the Southern China Spring Precipitation （SCSP）. The results reveal that the SCSP in March and April is well correlated with the meridional position of the Subtropical High ridge （SHR） since the moisture transport in the northwestern part of the Subtropical High is crucial for the SCSP. On the interannual time scale, SCSP is negatively correlated with the SHR significantly, but positively with southwest wind （Vsw） over the southeast of Tibetan Plateau （105-115 °E, 20-25 °N）. Using the Outgoing Longwave Radiation （OLR） data we found that the SLA of Southwest Pacific （150 °E-170 °W, 10-5 °S） can affect the OLR and the latent heat release east of the Philippine Sea, and when the SLA anomaly in the southwestern Pacific is positive, the Subtropical High tends to be located northward, the Vsw becomes weak, and the SCSP tends to be reduced.