中文摘要：

利用NaBH4还原机制，采用经不同方法预处理的碳载体成功制备出Pt／C-HNO3、Pt／C-H2O和Pt／C3种碳载铂纳米催化剂。通过扫描电镜（SEM）、透射电镜（HR—TEM）、循环伏安（cv）和COad溶出技术进行表征。结果表明，所制备的催化剂大小分布较为均一，平均粒径约为4nm；HR．TEM观察发现，Pt／C—HNO，中铂纳米粒子的表面具有较高的台阶原子密度；在COad溶出实验中Pt／C．HN03表现出较强的抗一氧化碳毒化能力；所制备的3种催化剂及商业催化剂Pt／CJM对乙醇氧化的电催化活性顺序为：Pt／C—HNO，〉Pt／C-H2O〉Pt／C〉Pt／C JM，其中Pt／C-HNO3的电催化活性和稳定性分别为Pt／CJM的1．5倍和1．9倍。

英文摘要：

Carbon supported Pt nanocatalysts （Pt/C） are widely used in fuel cells. In this work, three kinds of Pt/C catalysts were successfully prepared via a chemical reduction method by using carbon black pretreated with different methods, i.e., HNO3-pretreated carbon （Pt/C-HNO3）, H2O2-pretreated carbon （Pt/C-H2O2） and unpretreated carbon （Pt/C）. The morphologies and properties of the as-prepared Pt/C catalysts were characterized by SEM, HR-TEM, CV and COad stripping. Pt nanoparticles were dispersed well in these three Pt/C catalysts with average particle size of 3.4, 3.9 and 4.5 nm respectively. HR-TEM observation indicated that Pt/C-HNO3 possessed high-density of step atoms and COad stripping experiments showed that Pt/C-HNO3 exhibited the best anti-poisoning property. Comparing the catalytic activities of three as-prepared Pt/C catalysts toward ethanol electrooxidation with commercial Pt/C catalyst （Pt/C JM） showed that the as-prepared catalysts exhibited higher activity and stability than those of Pt/C JM and the order was Pt/C-HNOa〉Pt/C-HEO2〉Pt/C〉Pt/C JM. Especially for Pt/C-HNO3, its activity and stability were 1.5 times and 1.9 times of those ofPt/C JM respectively.