中文摘要：

内质网是真核细胞的重要细胞器，是蛋白折叠与成熟的加工厂。内质网应激是细胞针对错误折叠或未折叠蛋白质的一种适应性机制，但持续或过强的内质网应激则诱导细胞凋亡与自噬失衡，造成组织损伤。研究显示内质网应激是冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病、缺血性心脏病、心力衰竭及糖尿病心肌病等心血管疾病发生、发展的共同通路，可诱导心肌细胞肥大、纤维化、凋亡，致使心室重构的发生。故调控内质网应激可能成为预防心室重构进而治疗相关心血管疾病的新靶点。

英文摘要：

The endoplasmic reticulum, an important intracellular organelle of eukaryocyte, is the factory for folding and maturation of newly synthesized proteins. Endoplasmic reticulum stress （ERS） is initially aimed at compensating for damage but can eventually trigger cell apoptosis and autophagy if endoplasmic retieulum dysfunction is severe or prolonged. Plenty of evidences showed that ERS induced hypertrophy, fibrosis and apoptosis involved in the pathogenesis and development of many cardiovascular diseases, such as coronarycardiopathy, ischemic heart disease, myocardial hypertrophy, heart failure, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and so on. However, cardiac remodeling is the pathological basis of these cardiovascular diseases development. So intervention of ERS may provide a potential target for preventing cardiac remodeling and treating cardiovascular diseases.