在(15±1)℃的条件下,测定鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)幼鱼的临界游泳速度(Critical swimming speed,Ucrit;n=8)和高速游泳即1.5、1.8和2.1倍Ucrit下的耐受时间(Endurance,n=6);不同游泳速度(4.5、9、13.5、18、22.5、27、31.5、36 cm.s-1)的耗氧率(Oxygen consumption rate,MO2);并计算出各自的单位距离的能量消耗(COT)。结果显示,鲫鱼幼鱼的绝对临界游泳速度(Ua)为(26.29±1.85)cm.s-1,相对临界游泳速度(Ur)为(3.36±0.22)BL.s-1(BL表示实验鱼体长,以厘米计),1.5、1.8和2.1倍Ucrit下的耐受时间分别为(72.54±21.51)、(39.21±8.04)、(11.84±1.83)s;MO2随游泳速度(U)的提高呈指数显著上升,可用MO2=81.085e0.050 9U(p〈0.01,r=0.84,n=49)表示;在达到Ucrit时的鲫鱼幼鱼MO2为(344.51±29.75)mg.h-1.kg-1;不同游泳速度下实验鱼COT差异显著(p〈0.05),COT与U之间的关系表达为:COT=MO2×13.56/(U×36),当速度为19.64 cm.s-1时,COT最低(4.225 J.kg-1.m-1)。实验结果表明,低温条件下测定的鲫鱼幼鱼的临界游泳速度低于冷水性鱼类的水平;当游泳速度为74.73%Ucrit时鲫鱼幼鱼的COT最低,其能量效率最高。
The critical swimming speed(Ucrit;n=8),endurance time at high swimming speed(1.5,1.8 and 2.1 Ucrit) and the oxygen consumption rate at different swimming speeds(4.5,9,13.5,18,22.5,27,31.5 and 36 cm·s-1) of the juvenile crucian carp(Carassius auratus) were measured at(15±1)℃.Then calculated each cost of transport at different swimming speed respectively.The results showed that: the absolutely critical swimming speed of juvenile crucian carp(Ua)was(26.29±1.85) cm·s-1 and the relative critical swimming speed(Ur)was(3.36±0.22) BL·s-1; Endurance time at 1.5,1.8 and 2.1 Ucrit of the juvenile crucian carp was(72.54±21.51),(39.21±8.04) and(11.84±1.83) s,respectively.The oxygen consumption rate increased exponentially with the increasing of swimming speed (MO2=81.085e0.050 9U,p0.01,r=0.84,n=49) and the oxygen consumption rate at critical swimming speed was(344.51±29.75) mg·h-1·kg-1.The relationship between the cost of transport(COT)and the swimming speed was:COT=MO2×13.56/(U×36).The results indicated that the critical swimming speed of juvenile crucian carp was lower than those of the fishes which live in cold water.The COT of crucian carp was lowest(4.225 J·kg-1·m-1) when swimming at 19.64 cm·s-1(74.73% Ucrit).