中文摘要：

采用正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）水解缩合制备了硅凝胶微囊化的可膨胀石墨（EG）核壳阻燃粒子（TEG）。利用扫描电镜（SEM）和x射线能谱仪（EDS）分析了TEG粒子表面形态和元素组成；利用氧指数（LOI）、热失重分析（TGA）以及压缩性能测试考察了EG和TEG粒子在硬质聚氨酯泡沫（RPU）中的阻燃及力学性能。结果表明：EG表面被一层硅凝胶包覆形成核壳结构粒子；核壳结构能显著改善了EG与RPU基体的界面作用，并且在相同添加量下，RPU／TEG的阻燃和力学性能均优于RPU／EG复合材料。

英文摘要：

Core-shell structural TEG particles were prepared via hydrolysis and condensation of TEOS on the surface of expandable graphite particles. The structure and elementary composition of TEG was characterized by scanning electron microscope（SEM） and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）. The effect of EG and TEG on the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the rigid polyurethane foam （RPU） was studied by thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） , limited oxygen index （LOI） test and compression performance test. The results showed that the EG particles were encapsulated by a layer of silica gel to form core-shell composite particles. The core-shell structure could enhance the interface interaction between RPU matrix and EG andthe RPU/TEG composite demonstrated a better flame retardancy and mechanical properties than those of the RPU/EG composite at the same loading.