中文摘要：

以天然镁橄榄石和Na2S04为原料，采用树脂作为结合剂，将原料压制成型，分别经900、1000、1100℃保温10h烧后，再经过蒸馏水洗盐处理，经110℃24h烘干后制备了镁橄榄石轻质材料。检测了试样的体积密度、显气孔率及常温耐压强度，并利用XRD、SEM及EDS分析了原料的相组成和试样的显微结构。结果表明：随着烧成温度的升高，镁橄榄石烧结程度良好，在材料中形成骨架结构；当镁橄榄石与熔盐Na2SO4的理论质量比为1：1时，熔盐与镁橄榄石反应生成的MgO具有较完整的晶体形貌，晶粒尺寸大的约5μm，小的约1μm；当镁橄榄石与熔盐Na2SO4的理论质量比为1：1．3，在1100℃烧后，经蒸馏水洗盐处理后的试样综合性能最佳，其显气孔率为56％，体积密度为1．3g·cm^-3，耐压强度为18MPa。

英文摘要：

Light weight forsterite materials were synthesized using natural forsterite and Na2SO4 as main starting materials,adding resin binder, pressing shaping and firing at 900, 1 000,and 1 100 ℃ for 10 h, washing molten salt NazSO4 in distilled water,and drying at 110 ℃ for 24 h. Bulk density,apparent porosity and cold crushing strength were determined. The phase composition of starting materials and microstruc-ture of specimens were analyzed by XRD, SEM, and EDS, respectively. The results indicate that forsterite is sintered well and generates skeleton structure with the firing temperature rising;when the theoretic mass ratio of forsterite to Na2SO4 is 1 ： 1, MgO synthesized from the reaction between molten salt and forsterite has a complete crystal morphology with 1-5 μm of grain size;when the theoretic mass ratio of forsterite to Na2SO4 is 1 ： 1. 3,the overall properties of specimens after firing at 1 100 0（3 and distilled water washing are optimum.56% of apparent porosity,1.3g·cm^-3 of bulk density,and 18 MPa of compressive strength.