中文摘要：

为了调查西藏的水质和水资源特色，2013年在西藏拉萨、那曲地区、阿里地区、日喀则地区36个县乡镇采集了60个水样（地下水35个，地表水22个，温泉水3个），对其水化学性质与元素含量进行分析测定，并与周边的青海西南部、新疆南部、四川西部与西藏东部等地水的水化学类型进行了对比，讨论了不同地区内水化学类型的差异。总体上看西藏大部地区水质较好，能够满足国家生活饮用水卫生标准。水样pH处于6．75～8．21范围内；总溶解性固体（TDS）均值为225．54 mg／L；阿里地区水中砷元素含量超标（超过10μg／L），双湖地区水中氟含量超标（超过1 mg／L）；水化学类型主要为Ca—HCO，型；由南向北水中阳离子由以ca2＋为主逐渐过渡到以Na＋为主，阴离子HCO3逐渐减少，c1-与so4-逐渐增多；河流水与冰川融水的成因类型主要为岩石风化型，地下水成因受多种因素控制；构造分区控制水中主要元素进而影响水化学类型。

英文摘要：

The water quality and the water feature in Tibet were studied in this article. In2013, we collected 60 water samples （35 groundwater samples, 22 surface water samples and3 hot spring water samples） from 36 counties, villages and towns in Lhasa, Nagqu, Ali andShigatse of Tibet. The element contents of the water samples were tested and compared withother regions such as southeast Qinghai, south Xinjiang, east Sichuan and west Tibet.Moreover, hydrochemical types in different areas were discussed. Generally, the water inmost parts of Tibet is of good quality and reaches the national standards for drinking water.The pH values of water samples range from 6.75 to 8.21; The mean value of TDS is 225.54mg/L; The arsenic content in water in Ali exceeds the permitted amounts of the nationalstandards for drinking water （10 μg/L）; The fluorine content in water of Shuanghu exceedsthe permitted values of the national standards for drinking water （1 mg/L）; The mainhydrochemical type of water in Tibet is Ca-HCO3. From south to north, the main cations inwater change from Ca2＋ to Na＋, while the main anions in water change from HCO3- to C1＋ andSO42＋. The genetic type of river water and glacier melt water is rock dominance and thegroundwater formation is affected by many factors. Tectonic division determines the watermain elements and affects hydrochemical types of water.