中文摘要：

对5种不同坡度（5°～25°）的翻耕地以及有苔藓覆盖的荒坡地（20°）进行不同流量下（0.042～0.250L/s）的放水冲刷试验,以探讨贵州耕地坡面水动力性质、土壤抗冲性及地表生物（苔藓）对坡面侵蚀产沙的影响。结果表明,贵州地区坡耕地坡面流速与冲刷流量呈较好的幂函数关系,而与坡面坡度无关。坡面土壤分离速率与坡度及冲刷流量均呈显著正相关,并可用水动力学参数水流剪切力来估算贵州坡耕地土壤分离速率。与黄土高原相比,在同一坡度、同一冲刷流量下贵州坡耕地坡面产沙速率低于黄土高原坡耕地,表明贵州黄壤抗冲性高于黄土。苔藓覆盖可显著减小坡面侵蚀速率,在同一冲刷流量下,具有苔藓覆盖的荒坡地坡面产沙速率低于翻耕地达3个数量级。

英文摘要：

To explore the slop erosion, cultivated plots with e hydraulic five different to test their soil erosion processes under properties, anti-scour properties and the impacts of moss on nt slopes（5°-25°） and one plot covered by moss（20°） were sele different flow discharges（0. 042-0. 250 L/s）. Results showed soil cted the runoff velocity was significantly related with flow discharge, but it was independent with slope gradient. Soil detachment rate was positively related with flow discharge and slope gradient. Further, the soil detachment rate could be well predicted by shear stress. Compared with Loess Plateau, the sediment yield rate of cropland in Guizhou was smaller, which indicated the cropland in Guizhou was less erodible. Moss was found to have a mark effect in reducing soil erosion. Under the same experimental condition, the sediment yield rate from plots covered by moss was 3 orders of the magnitude lower than that of the bare ones.