中文摘要：

开展发射条件明确的高分辨率膛口流场可视化实验,对深入揭示膛口流场的发展机理、改善武器性能、验证数值方法的可行性等方面具有重要的现实意义。分别在光膛口及安装不同膛口装置条件下,采用直接阴影法对小口径武器膛口流场进行了可视化实验,获得了大量清晰地高分辨率时序阴影照片。这些照片清楚地再现了各条件下的冲击波/激波、弱压缩波、接触间断、射流边界等在内的典型膛口流场特征。据此,详细讨论了不同条件下的流场结构及动力学发展过程。这些可为数值计算及相关武器研究提供直接的实验对照和参考。

英文摘要：

High-resolution visual experiments with explicit firing conditions are of great practical significance to reveal mechanism of muzzle flow field development,improve the performance of weapons and validate the feasibility of numerical methods.A direct shadowgraph method was employed in this visual experiment to investigate the flow fields of two different guns,which were equipped with various muzzle devices and neither was equipped with any device.A large number of high-resolution shadowgraphs were obtained,which demonstrate the typical structure,including shock wave/blast,weak compression waves,contact discontinuity,jet boundary and so on.Based on this,the structure of flow fields under different conditions and developing process of dynamics were discussed in detail.The experimental photographs can also provide reference for the verification of numerical results and related researches on weapons.