中文摘要：

DNA（包括寡聚核苷酸）和阳离子表面活性剂可形成难溶复合物.本文通过浊度测试和透射电子显微镜观察,发现单链阳离子表面活性剂可以诱使寡聚核苷酸/单链阳离子表面活性剂沉淀转变成为寡聚核苷酸/单链阳离子表面活性剂囊泡,且寡聚核苷酸/单链阳离子表面活性剂囊泡可以与寡聚核苷酸/单链阳离子表面活性剂沉淀共存.在寡聚核苷酸/单链阳离子表面活性剂沉淀向囊泡的转变过程中,表面活性剂和沉淀之间的疏水作用力发挥了重要作用.此外,当体系温度达到寡聚核苷酸开始融解的温度后,寡聚核苷酸/单链阳离子表面活性剂体系更容易形成囊泡.因此,寡聚核苷酸的链越伸展,越易于寡聚核苷酸/单链阳离子表面活性剂囊泡的生成.据我们所知,有关寡聚核苷酸/阳离子表面活性剂囊泡的报道尚不多见.因此,考虑到DNA（包括寡聚核苷酸）/两亲分子体系在医学、生物学、药学和化学中的重要性,该研究应该有助于我们进一步了解该体系并对其进行更合理有效的应用.

英文摘要：

It is well known that DNA （including oligonucleotide） and cationic surfactant can form insoluble complex. In this study, by turbidity measurement and TEM image, we found that the single-chained cationic surfactant could transform the oligonucleotide/single-chained cationic surfactant precipitates into vesicles and the vesicles coexist with the insoluble complex. The hydrophobic interaction between the cationic surfactant and the precipitates plays a key role in vesicle formation. Moreover, when the temperature reaches a specific value where the oligonucleotide begins to melt, the oligonucleotide/single-chained cationic surfactant vesicles form far easier. Thus, the more extended the oligonucleotide, the much easier for vesicle formation. As far as we know, the study about the oligonucleotide/cationic surfactant vesicle formation is very limited. Therefore, considering the growing importance and significance of DNA （including oligonucleotide）/amphiphile systems in medicine, biology, pharmaceutics, and chemistry, this study should provide some helpful information in further understanding these systems.