目的观察急性高容量血液稀释联合控制性降压对脊柱手术患者血液保护作用,同时探讨围手术期护理干预经验,供临床护理参考。方法选择全身麻醉下行择期骨科脊柱手术患者,年龄20~65y,体重指数18.5~30 kg/m2,根据随机数字表法分为三组:HHD组、AHH+CH组和对照组,每组30例。AHH组于麻醉诱导后,以20ml/min速度输注6%羟乙基淀(130/0.4)。AHH+CH组在采用相同的血液稀释方法同时控制性降压。对照组常规输入复方乳酸钠15ml/kg补充禁食禁饮、生理需要量。记录术中患者心率、平均动脉压、中心静脉压、手术时间,失血量、输血量、术中术野质量评分。结果三组间失血量的比较:AHH+CH组、AHH组明显少于对照组(P〈0.05),AHH+CH组少于AHH组(P〈0.05);三组间输血量的比较:AHH+CH组、AHH组明显少于对照组(P〈0.05),AHH+CH组与AHH组比较差异无统计学意义(P〉0.05);三组间术中术野质量评分的比较:AHH+CH组明显优于对照组(P〈0.05)。结论 AHH复合CH在骨科脊柱手术中有显著的血液保护作用,为手术的顺利开展创造了条件。但AHH与CH对生理有一定干扰,为确保其安全性,围手术期的全面护理与严密观察显得尤为重要。
Objective To observe the blood protection and nursing of acute hypervolemic hemodilution combined controlled hypotension during spinal surgery. Methods Sixty patients with ASA I orⅡ,scheduled for elective spinal surgery were randomly divided into 3 group( n = 20) : group AHH and CH and group AHH and group C. HR,MAP,CVP Operation time,blood loss,blood transfusion consumption were recorded. Results Compared with patients in Group C,patients in Group AHH and CH and group AHH had lower amount of blood loss; Compared with patients in group AHH,patients in Group AHH and CH had lower amount of blood loss; Compared with patients in Group C,patients in in Group AHH and CH and group AHH had lower amount of blood transfusion consumption. Compared with patients in Group C,patients in Group AHH and CH had better surgical field quality score. Conclusion The effect of blood protection of acute hypervolemic hemodilution combined controlled hypotension during spinal surgery was significant.