中文摘要：

荧光量子点（又称为半导体纳米晶体）是一种新兴的无机发光材料,由于其具有独特的结构和光电性能,在发光二极管、太阳能电池及生命科学等领域应用广泛.目前,有机相合成法和水相合成法已被成功地用于荧光量子点的合成.与有机相合成法相比,水相合成量子点方法简单、绿色且廉价,合成的量子点水溶性好,在生物医学等领域具有很好的应用前景.本文主要介绍荧光量子点的水相合成方法及其在化学和生物分析中的应用,并对其发展趋势进行了展望.

英文摘要：

Quantum dots（QDs,also known as colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals） are new luminescent inorganic materials.Because of their particular structures,optical and electrical properties,QDs have shown potential applications in thin film light-emitting devices,non-linear optical devices,solar cells and life science.So far,highly luminescent QDs were synthesized by organic synthetic approach and aqueous synthetic approach.Compared with organic approach,the aqueous approach is simple,green and cheap,and as-prepared QDs are more preferable for their use in biomedical applications because they are water-soluble and exhibit good optical property and biocompatibility.In this review paper,we mainly introduced the aqueous synthetic approaches and some key bio-applications of luminescent QDs,and discussed future prospects.