中文摘要：

化石能源包括石油、天然气和煤炭,它们是一次性不可再生能源.我国与世界发达国家相比在能源结构上存在很大差异,在全球范围内化石能源结构中多以石油为主体,而我国基于本土的优势资源和特点则以煤炭为主体.随着我国工业化的进程和经济的腾飞对化石能源的需求日益大幅度的增加,使得煤炭资源的深层勘探,即第二深度空间（500-2000 m）的勘探与开采必须迅速提上日程.当然在开采过程中的难度亦必随之增大,特别是深层复杂构造与岩石的物理-力学属性;机械化的适宜采掘技术;高浓度的大量瓦斯溢出;介质与结构的高应力状态;地下温度的升高和大量涌水等灾害.因此必须引入当代高、新技术,强化高精度探测与数据采集和对介质破裂过程的高分辨动态监测与防范.同时必须提高煤炭的高效和多元化综合利用;特别是煤炭液化和发展洁净煤技术,以达在我国能源结构中的主体能源——煤炭能发挥更大的效能并造福于人类!

英文摘要：

The fossil energy, which includes petroleum, natural gas and coal, is one-off and non-renewable. The energy structure in China is much different from that in developed countries. Petroleum is the main energy in the world, while the coal is the main energy in our country, which is based on the dominant resources and the characteristic in the fossil energy structure. With the sustained, rapid and sound development of the industrialization process and the economy in China, the requirement of the fossil energy rises increasingly, thus the exploration and exploitation of coal resource in the second deep space （500-2000m） of crust interior should be enforced at once. There are many difficulties in the exploiting process, especially the complex structures, the physic-mechanic property of the rock, appropri- ate mechanized exploiting technique, abundant high concentration gas outburst, the high stress state of the substance and the structure, the increasing underground temperature and a great deal of water inflow, etc.. It is necessary to actualize synthetical utilization on coal resource, develop the coal liquefaction and clean technique, strengthen high resolution survey, data collect and dynamic monitoring on media rupture process by introducing contemporary science and technology in order to exert the great potential energy of coal resource and bring benefits to the mankind.