中文摘要：

传记文学经历过产生、发展、成熟的发展过程。苏美尔文学和阿卡德文学可以为研究早期传记文学的产生和发展提供真实的语料。苏美尔文学中带有传记性质的作品和阿卡德语的传记表明，在传记文学的早期阶段，事实并不是传记文学的主要元素，虚构的成分比例较大，叙述的真实超越了事实的真实。事实的真实逐渐成为传记的基本准则经过了一个逐渐发展的过程。

英文摘要：

Biographical literature has experienced emerging, developing and maturing processes. Many literary texts in Sumerian and Akkadian literature can be regarded as first--hand data appropriate for the research of early biography. And those texts indicate that during the early stage, facts are not the essential elements of biography. On the contrast, imaginary stories account for a large proportion, which means that narrative facts take the upper hand over factual facts at that stage. Factual facts have gradually become the basic principle of biography and experienced a gradual process of development.