中文摘要：

在系统状态、执行器及传感器故障检测与隔离的问题研究过程中,对传感器故障的检测与隔离难度最大,而针对欠量测系统和传感器冗余系统中传感器故障检测与隔离问题难度更大。为此,首先建立了包含卡死、增益时变和偏差时变3种典型传感器故障的数学模型;其次,借助输出方程,将待检测的传感器故障转换到系统状态方程中进行处理,对欠量测系统转换结果不唯一这一问题,分别采用最小二乘和基础解系的方法进行处理,对传感器冗余系统,通过两次利用系统状态,分别构造两个并行运行的残差产生器;然后,设计出既能检测出故障,又能将各个故障进行有效隔离的残差产生器;最后,用算例对上述设计结果的有效性进行计算机仿真验证。

英文摘要：

In the processing of state,actuator and sensor fault detection and isolation,the last is the most difficult.In the under-measurement system and the sensor redundancy system,this problem becomes more difficult.Firstly,three typical mathematical models of sensor fault containing lock-in-place,gain time-varying and bias time-varying are established.Secondly,the output equation to converted sensor fault into state disturbance of the dynamic system is reported.The problem of converted result is processed with least-square solutions and the basic solutions in the under-measurement system.For the sensor redundancy system,two parallel residual generators are constructed using twice system state.Then,the residual generator which can well be used to fault detection and isolation is designed.Finally,the effectiveness of this method is verified through example simulation.