中文摘要：

居民对旅游影响的感知和态度受多个因素影响,旅游区内不同旅游开发程度的村寨居民对旅游影响的感知和态度存在差异。本文以哈尼梯田遗产区为例,通过问卷调查和访谈,采用数理统计的方法对遗产区居民旅游影响感知和态度的村寨差异进行分析。研究表明：（1）遗产区的82个村寨中,按旅游开发和遗产保护程度可分为旅游村、遗保村和非旅遗村等3类,19个村寨的286份问卷结果显示,居民总体上在旅游开发中参与程度较低且参与不均衡;（2）从居民对景区旅游资源及其管理态度的感知看,3类村寨居民的感知值都高于中值,且非旅遗村各项感知均高于其他两类村寨;（3）从居民对景区发展中获益条件的感知看,3类村寨居民认为6个获益条件均能增加收入,但对每个获益条件的感知具有明显差异;（4）从景区建立后所产生变化的感知看,3类村寨居民的感知存在差异,但总体上呈现出正向感知强于负面感知的特点,显示出居民对旅游开发持欢迎态度。

英文摘要：

Residents＇ perceptions and attitudes are affected by many factors. Owing to the different tourism development levels,the villager ＇s perceptions of and attitudes towards tourism impact are different too. Taking the heritage area of Honghe Hani Rice Terraces as a case in point,this paper analyzed the village differences of residents ＇ perceptions of and attitudes towards tourism impact through questionnaires and interviews,as well as the mathematical statistics. The results showed that：（ 1） According to the levels of tourism development and heritage protection,the total 82 villages in the heritage area could be divided into tourist village,heritage protection village and non-tourism-heritage village. The results of 286 questionnaires from 19 villages showed the low and unbalanced participation of residents in tourism development.（ 2） In terms of the residents＇ perceptions of tourism resources and management,the perception value of all the three types village were larger than the median value,and among them the non-tourism-heritage villages were higher than the other two types.（ 3） In terms of the residents＇ perceptions of the benefits getting from tourism development,all the residents of the three types believed that all of the six benefiting ways could increase their income,but there exited significant differences among the perceptions of each benefiting way.（ 4） In terms of the residents＇ perceptions of the changes after the establishment of the scenic spots,there exit differences among three types of residents. But in general they think the positive impacts were stronger than the negative,showing a warm welcome of tourism development.