中文摘要：

测定反刍动物的采食、反刍和静颚行为及其时间分配是研究动物野外营养生态学和资源利用机制中不可缺少的技术手段。我们根据反刍动物采食、反刍和静颚时颚部的活动特点开发了采食行为遥测笼头,并于2005年7月试用于野生成年雌性海南坡鹿。该采食行为遥测笼头由颚部活动测定部分和无线电信号发射回路组成,使用同一频率发射颚部活动信号和用于遥测动物位置的间歇式无线电信号。颚部活动信号可以接收并录制成模拟声音信号,将其转化为数字信号后按照其信号频度即可区分采食、反刍和静颚行为。在海南坡鹿的试用中测得围栏外坡鹿个体的采食、反刍和休息时间组成分别为12%、36%和52%,围栏内个体为3%、38%和59%,显示存在被测定动物具有初始适应问题。作者预计将来把GPS装置植入该装置,并结合便携式计算机和GIS平台开发能够实时测定反刍动物采食行为活动和地理位置的遥测系统。

英文摘要：

Measurement of eating, ruminating and reposing behaviors for ruminants is a necessary to study ecological nutrition and mechanism of resource utilization; however, no radio transmitter is available for such purpose at present. Based on jaw movements of ruminants when eating, ruminating and reposing, the authors designed a radio-telemetry halter for measuring these behaviors and applied it to two female adult Eld＇s deer （Cervus eldii hainanus） at Banxi Nature Reserve in July 2005. This radio-telemetry halter consist of two main parts, a jaw movement sensor （switch） and a circuit sending radio signals including eating behaviors and interval signals on the same radio frequency used for locating animal. Signals of jaw movement are recorded as analog data, and transfermed to digital signals for identifying eating, ruminating, and reposing behavior. The measured time ratios for the halter-equipped Eld＇s deer outside the enclosure were 12% eating, 36% ruminating, and 52% reposing, and for the deer inside the enclosure 3%, 38% and 59%, respectively, indicating there existed an adaptive period for halter-equipped deer. The authors intend to place GPS senors into the telemetry for displaying animal behavior and location on GIS layers on computer, and to establish a real-time system for recording and analyzing behavior and location of ruminant in the future.