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中文摘要：
橡胶类材料是一群长而柔顺链的集合体，由于外界（力、温度）的作用，这些链经历着构象的重排．拉紧时，链的某些构象得不到了，导致熵的减少．橡胶的应力主要是由构象熵引起，橡胶的内能几乎不依赖于橡胶的变形．各向同性橡胶材料分子链的取向分布是均匀的，Wu和Giessen研究了各向同性橡胶在三轴变形情况下的材料本构关系，研究了橡胶材料在三轴变形条件下分子链的取向分布演化．在Wu和Giessen工作的基础上，本文研究了分子链取向分布的描述方法，推导出包含分子链取向系数效应的橡胶材料本构关系，给出各向异性橡胶在复杂变形状态下分子链的取向分布演化表达式，给出各向异性橡胶材料小变形小转动情况下的本构关系显表达式．
英文摘要：
Rubber consists of a large number of molecular chains. The change of outside forces or temperatures leads to the rearrangement of configurational entropy in rubber. Under uniaxial tension, the configurational entropy of rubber decreases. The stress field in a rubber is produced mainly by changing configurational entropy and the deformation of rubber is almost not related to its internal energy. The orientation distribution of molecular chains in an isotropic rubber is uniform. Wu and Giessen studied the deformation of rubber and the evolution of its molecular chains under triaxial tensions. In this paper, we use the orientation distribution function to describe the orientation distribution of molecular chains, give the constitutive relation of rubber with the orientation coefficients of molecular chains, study the orientation evolution of molecular chains under complicated stress states, and derive an explicit expression of anisotropic rubber.
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