中文摘要：

与传统的炭材料合成方法相比,模板法在孔径控制方面优势突出,是一种制备多孔炭的简易方法。天然矿物具有微米、纳米孔道结构,而且资源丰富、价格低廉,为制备多孔炭材料提供了理想模板。综述了常用矿物模板的性质以及天然矿物为模板合成炭材料的研究进展,指出了制备模板炭材料过程中存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望。

英文摘要：

Template method is considered as a simple method of synthesis of porous carbon compared with the traditional synthesis method in terms of pore size control. Natural mineral has provided the ideal template for the preparation of porous carbon materials with micron and nanometer channel structure, richness in resources and low prices. The properties of mineral templates are introduced, as well as research progress of synthesis of porous carbon materials using mineral as template. Problems existed in process of preparation of porous carbon materials and their development prospect are also discussed.