中文摘要：

共形阵列的空域导向矢量通常不具有 Vandermonde 结构，使得适用于均匀线阵或面阵的快速高分辨空间谱估计方法不能直接应用于共形阵列中。借鉴阵列流形内插变换思想，分别建立了半球共形阵列到矩形阵列和十字阵列的两种变换关系，对比研究了虚拟矩形阵和虚拟十字阵在波达方向估计、自适应波束形成和运算复杂度方面的性能。理论分析与仿真实验明确了虚拟矩形阵和虚拟十字阵的适用条件，可为共形阵列的工程应用提供参考。

英文摘要：

The spatial steering vector of the conformal array usually does not have a Vandermonde structure , so that some fast high-resolution spatial-spectrum estimation methods which are suitable for uniform linear arrays or plane arrays cannot be directly applied to the conformal arrays . This paper adopts the idea of array manifold interpolation transformation and establishes two different transformation relations from a hemisphere conformal array to a rectangular array and a cross array , respectively . Then we comparatively study the performance of the virtual rectangular array and the virtual cross array on DOA （ Direction of Arrival ） estimation , adaptive beamforming and computational complexity . The applicable conditions of two kinds of virtual arrays are clearly confirmed by theoretical analysis and extensive simulation , and results of this paper can provide a reference for the engineering applications of conformal arrays .