中文摘要：

以香菇（Lentinula edodes）4个菌株为亲本组成3个杂交组合,采用单孢菌株配对获得杂交子,观察锁状联合鉴别出真正的杂交子,测定杂交子及其亲本的农艺性状。在每个杂交组合中分别各选取3个杂交子,研究杂交子和亲本在子实体发育阶段差异基因表达情况。结果表明：杂交子共有4种基因表达类型：双亲沉默型（W1型）,单亲沉默型（W2型）,杂交子特异表达型（W3型）,单亲表达型（W4型）。香菇杂交子农艺性状与基因差异表达类型的相关性分析表明：菌盖厚与双亲沉默型（W1型）呈极显著负相关,而菌柄长与单亲沉默型（W2型）呈显著负相关。

英文摘要：

Four strains of Lentinula edodes were selected for parental strains, three pairs of crossing com- bination （W1 × SHL12, L205× SHL12, L205 ×SHL44） were formed, hybrids were obtained by monospore isolation crossing, true hybrids were identified by observing clamp connections, and agronomic characteristics of hybrids and their parents were investigated. Three hybrids from every crossing combina- tion respectively were selected for the mRNA differential expression analysis in the stage fruit body devel- opment. There were four differential gene expression patterns between hybrids and their parents： frag- ments in both parents but not in hybrid （W1）, fragment only in one parent but not in hybrid and the oth- er parent（W2）, fragment only in hybrid but not in parents（W3）, fragment in one parent and hybrid but not in the other parent （W4）. Correlation analysis between hybrid agronomic characteristics and gene ex- pression patterns indicates that the pileus thickness is significantly negatively correlated with W1 （at 0.01 level） ,while stipe length is significantly negatively correlated with W2 （at 0.05 level） in the fruit body stage.