中文摘要：

以宝山钢铁股份有限公司的12个典型单层钢结构工业厂房为代表，调查软土地区厂房柱基沉降的观测资料，共计3万多个数据。总结出柱基相对沉降的统计规律，包括均值、方差随时间变化的曲线及任意时刻点的概率分布。研究表明，在50年的设计基准期内，柱基横向与纵向相对沉降在任意时刻点服从正态分布，柱基相对沉降的均值随时间按线性增大，方差则按二次幂函数增大。由此建立柱基相对沉降的概率预测方法，并针对不同的情况制定分级控制的标准。在整个设计使用寿命期内，将厂房柱基横向与纵向相对沉降划分为3个级别，以达到分级控制的目的。研究成果为我国软土地区厂房柱基相对沉降的统计预测和控制提供了一定的基础，并可为其他地区柱基相对沉降的统计预测与控制提供参考。

英文摘要：

Based on 12 monolayer steel mill buildings of the Baoshan Iron ＆ Steel Ltd., the statistics of relative settlement of column foundation, including mean and variance time-dependent curves and their probability distributions, is studied with 30,000 settlement observation data in soft soil area. The study reveals that the relative settlement of column foundation obeys the normal distribution at any time within a design reference period of 50 years. The mean relative settlement of column foundation increases approximately linearly with time, and the variance increases as a power function of the 2~ order. Probabilistic forecasting methods and classification control standards for the relative settlement of column foundations under different conditions are established. During the design service life of industrial workshops, the relative settlement of column foundation is divided into 3 grades for the purpose of classification control. The results provide a basis for forecasting and controlling the column-foundation relative settlement of industrial workshops in soft soil areas in China, and also serve as necessary references for buildings in other areas.