中文摘要：

为了获得杂交的坛紫菜优良品系，本实验对野生型坛紫菜（♀）和经过人工诱变选育获得的红色型（♂）的坛紫菜进行杂交获得丝状体；丝状体促熟培养后获得杂交子一代叶状体，从子一代中挑选出5种具有一定生长优势和其它经济性状的藻体（品系A、B、C、D、E）；对其分别进行体细胞克隆和丝状体培育，获得大量子一代和子二代。对子一代和子二代进行生长性状测定和选育，并进行抗逆性和藻胆蛋白及叶绿素的测定。初步筛选出生长性状好、品质优的子二代4个品系B2、C2、D2、E2，而且4个品系的藻红蛋白、藻蓝蛋白、别藻蓝蛋白和叶绿素含量也明显高于对照组，其中D2的R—RPE含量高达61．71‰，最低的品系E2为44．64‰，比对照组高一倍以上；在31℃下培养，品系C2第5天叶片中部才开始出现个别针尖般烂点，藻体基部正常，表现出一定的耐高温特性。品系B2具显著的生长优势和抗高温特性，品系D2、E2具有一定抗低氮、磷的特性，其中E2在低氮磷培养1～3d，瞬时增重率为25．2％，平均日增长量为1．20cm·d^-1，在4～6d瞬时增重率和日增长量分别接近30．0％和2．0cm·d^-1；通过坛紫菜不同品系的杂交、单细胞克隆和丝状体细胞育苗技术相结合可以有效的对坛紫菜杂交藻体的优良性状进行筛选，逐步达到选择育种的目的。

英文摘要：

In order to obtain fine crossbreeding strains of Porphyra haitanensis, the wild strain （ ♀ ） was crossbred with the red strain（ ♀ ） of P. haitanensis selected through induction of mutation , to get free-living conchocelis. The free-living conchocelis was prematurely cultivated to obtain the filial generation （F1） thallus. Ofall the F1, five healthy strains （A,B,C,D,E） have predominance of growth and other economic characteristics were selected. Through somacloning and culturing, they generated mass F1 and F2. The growth characters of F1 and F2, stress tolerance, chromoprotein and chlorophyll contents of F2 were measured. On the basis of the results, four strains （B2, C2, D2, E2 ） of F2 were first selected, which possessed great predominance of growth and abundant chromoprotein and chlorophyll. In addition, R-RPE,R-PC, APC and Chl. a of the four strains were also evidently higher than the control group. Among them, R-RPE content of D2 reached up to 61.71‰,while the lowest group E2 reached up to 44.64‰, more than twice than that of the control group; at 31 ℃, the central part of 5 d thallus appeared a few pinpoint-like rotted points, whereas the base part of thallus appeared normal, indicating high temperature resistance. Strain B2 showed evident predominance of growth and high temperature resistance, while D2 and E2 showed a certain low nitrogen and phosphorus resistance. Cultured in low nitrogen and phosphorus for 1 -3 days, the instantaneous growth rate of E2 was 25.5%, average daily growth 1.20 cm · d^-1 , while during 4 -6 d, the instantaneous growth tate was about 30.0%, average daily growth 2.0 cm · d^-1. Therefore, fine crossbreeding P. haitanensis strains can be effectively obtained by conjoining the technology of crossbreeding of different strains, single cell cloning and free-living conchocelis breeding.