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新疆地区最大连续降水事件时空变化特征

ISSN号：0375-5444
期刊名称：Acta Geographica Sinica
时间：2012.3.3
页码：312-320
分类：P532[天文地球—古生物学与地层学;天文地球—地质学]
作者机构：[1]中山大学水资源与环境系,广州510275, [2]中山大学华南地区水循环与水安全广东省普通高校重点实验室,广州510275, [3]中山大学地理科学与规划学院广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州510275, [4]新疆水利水电科学研究院,乌鲁木齐830049
相关基金：新疆科技项目（201001066;200931105）; 国家自然科学基金项目（41071020;50839005）资助
相关项目：变化环境下珠江流域地表水文过程演变及其对河流生态影响研究

关键词：最大连续降水, 极端降水, MANN-KENDALL检验, 气候变化, 新疆, maximum consecutive wet days, precipitation extreme, Mann-Kendall test, climate change, Xinjiang

中文摘要：

基于新疆51个站点1960-2005年的日降水资料,从最大连续降水事件出发,以年、夏、冬为研究时期,定义描绘最大连续降水事件的日数、降水量和降水强度的9个极端降水指标,研究最大连续降水事件的时空概率特征。本文应用改进的Mann-Kendall法对各指标变化趋势进行检验,采用基于F检验的线形分析计算其变化率。研究结果表明：（1）年和夏季最容易发生2天的最大连续降水天数,最大连续降水事件日数越长,降水强度越低;冬季易发生1天的最大连续降水天数,随最大连续降水事件日数的增加,降水强度增加;（2）近年来,日数短的连续降水天数事件频率减少,而随降水日数的增加;降水量有增加趋势;因此,新疆降水有极端化的趋势;（3）新疆有湿润化趋势,而南疆在夏季的湿润趋势比北疆明显,北疆在冬季比南疆显著。

英文摘要：

Based on the daily precipitation data from 51 rain stations in Xinjiang during 1960-2005,the spatial and temporal possibility variations of maximum consecutive wet days in the whole year,summer and winter seasons are studied.Nine precipitation extreme indices which reflect the attributes of consecutive maximum wet days are defined,modified Mann-Kendall test is applied to detect the tendencies,and changing rates of indices are evaluated through linear regression with F test.Results show that：（1） two days consecutive wet days occurred most frequently during the year and summer,and the precipitation intensities decreased as the number of days of maximum consecutive wet days increased;in winter,one day consecutive wet days had the maximum possibility,and the intensities increased as the number of days of the maximum consecutive wet days increased;（2） the possibilities of consecutive wet days with short durations reduced,while those of the large number of days increased;the precipitation of consecutive wet days had increasing trends;the intensities of all numbers of days increased;（3） a wet tendency was identified in Xinjiang;wet trend in Southern Xinjiang was more significant than in Northern Xinjiang in summer,while in winter the wet tendency in Northern Xinjiang was more remarkable.

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