中文摘要：

总结了以软、硬模板辅助法合成多孔氧化镁、氧化钙和碳酸钙的研究进展。分别以三嵌段共聚物F127（PEO106PPO70PEO106）和规整排列的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球为软、硬模板,可制得孔壁为蠕虫状介孔的三维有序大孔多晶氧化镁;采用以三嵌段共聚物P123（PEO20PPO70PEO20）、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵和聚乙二醇为软模板的水热法可获得具有长方状和六方状介孔多晶碳酸钙和单晶氧化镁和氧化钙,水热温度和表面活性剂性质对产物粒子形貌、孔道结构和比表面积有重要影响。所得多孔氧化镁、氧化钙和碳酸钙的比表面积最高可分别达到298、257、134 m2/g。

英文摘要：

Research progress in the soft/hard template assisted fabrication of porous MgO,CaO,and CaCO3 was summarized.Three-dimensional ordered macroporous polycrystalline MgO material with wormhole-like mesoporous walls could be generated with the triblock copolymer Pluronic F127（PEO106PPO70PEO106） and regularly packed monodispersed polymethyl methacrylate microspheres as soft and hard templates,respectively.By adopting the hydrothermal strategies,mesoporous polycrystalline CaCO3,single-crystalline MgO,and single-crystalline CaO nano-and/or mircoparticles with rectangular parallelepiped and hexagonal prism morphologies could be obtained with triblock copolymer Pluronic P123（PEO20PPO70PEO20）,cetyltrimethylammonium bromide,and poly（ethylene glycol） as soft template.Adopted hydrothermal temperature and surfactant nature greatly influenced the morphology,pore structure,and surface area of the as-obtained sample.Highest surface areas of the as-fabricated porous MgO,CaO,and CaCO3 samples were 298,257,and 134 m2/g,respectively.