中文摘要：

目的 3种大鼠双侧卵巢摘除术的比较。方法采用腹部切口法、背部切口法及腹股沟切口法摘除雌性大鼠双侧卵巢,通过手术所需时间、摘除双侧卵巢后动物死亡率及体重变化以比较3种大鼠双侧卵巢摘除术。结果通过腹部切口完成手术所需时间为（9.75±1.58）min,背部切口所需时间为（9.00±1.46）min,腹股沟切口所需时间为（11.1±1.76）min,背部切口法所需时间明显少于腹股沟切口法（P〈0.05）;3种方法术后均无死亡;术后前3 d,背部切口法体重下降较其他方法平稳;3种方法切除卵巢后阴道脱落细胞周期均消失,血清中雌激素水平较假手术组明显下降,卵泡刺激素变化没有统计学意义。结论在3种大鼠双侧卵巢摘除术中,背部切口法操作简便易行,术后对动物体重影响小,值得推广应用。

英文摘要：

Objective To Compare three different methods of bilateral ovariectomy in rats.Methods The bilateral ovaries of female rats were removed through abdominal incision,back and groin incision.The time required in this surgery,the mortality,and the weight of the animals were used to compare three methods.Results The period of ovariectomy using abdominal incision were 9.75 ＋ 1.58 min,the time in back incision group were 9.00＋ 1.46 min,groin incision group were 11.1 ＋ 1.76 min.The time required in back incision group was significantly less than that in groin incisions group（P 〈0.05）.There was no postoperative death in the three groups.After three days,the weight reduction of groin incision group was mild.The ovarian cycle of vaginal exfoliated cells in three groups were disappearing after ovariectomy,serum estrogen was significantly decreased compared with control group.However,follicle-stimulating hormone showed no significant difference between normal and bilateral ovariectomy groups.Conclusion Among the three method of ovariectomy,the method by back incision is simple;the weight reduction is less in back incision group.So,the method of back incision is worthy of popularization and application.