中文摘要：

本研究旨在发掘牛更多的microRNA（miRNA）信息及新的miRNA序列,为进一步研究miRNA的生物学功能奠定理论基础。运用高通量测序技术对来自一头西门塔尔公牛和一头荷斯坦母牛的多个组织的小RNA进行混池测序,对测序结果进行了生物信息学分析。随机选取了一条成熟miRNA：bta-miR-2346-5p和两条新预测的miRNAs：novel_miR-48和novel_miR-86,采用茎环RT-PCR进行验证。共鉴定了604条miRNAs,其中429条为牛的已知miRNAs,175条为新预测的miRNAs。通过茎环RT-PCR发现选取的这3条miRNAs在背最长肌、心肌、肝脏、脾脏、肺脏、肾脏、大肠、小肠中均有表达,证明了高通量测序结果的准确性。本试验得到的数据在一定程度上丰富了牛miRNA的数量和种类,为后续牛或其他物种的miRNA相关生物学研究提供了更加详实的信息。

英文摘要：

In order to provide more information for further studies of miRNA＇s biological func- tion,the identification of microRNA of bovine was studied. A Solexa sequencing of multiple tis- sues from a Simmental bull and a Holstein cow was conducted, and then bioinformatics analysis was performed. Meanwhile,we randomly selected and validated 3 miRNAs （bta-miR-2346-5p,no- vel_miR-48, novel_miR-86） by stem-loop RT-PCR. From this data set, we identified 604 miRNAs, including 429 known miRNAs and 175 novel miRNAs. And the stem-loop RT-PCR result showed that the 3 miRNAs were ubiquitously expressed in longissimus dorsi muscle, cardiac muscle, liver, spleen,lung,kidney,large intestine and small intestine. The study enriched the amount and kinds of bovine miRNAs which provided more credible information for the miRNAs biological functions study in various species.