中文摘要：

唾液作为非侵入性生物样品具有取材方便无创、感染机会少、适宜大规模人群采样等优势,是近年来法医毒物分析、临床药物监测、鉴定科学等领域的重要研究对象。国际上唾液样品已广泛应用于毒品滥用检测和监管等,与血、尿相比,唾液基底较为洁净,能降低基质效应产生的干扰,但是唾液采集也存在样少量微等困难,需要高效的前处理方法以及准确灵敏的分析技术。以唾液分析的方法学角度,对近十年来唾液中滥用物质的前处理手段和分析技术进行综述,同时对唾液检材的局限性及国内外唾液分析所面临的难点、热点予以讨论。

英文摘要：

In recent years, there has been substantial interest in the use of saliva for drug testing in the fields of forensic toxicology and clinical drug monitoring. As one type of non-invasive biological specimen, saliva has the advantages of easy collection, low risk of disease infection, and the potential of large-scale sampling. Saliva samples have been widely applied in developed countries for drug abuse test. Besides, the matrix of saliva is clearer than blood and urine, thus less matrix effect is observed. However, due to the disadvantage of inadequate volume and trace drug concentration, saliva analysis demands highly efficient sample preparation and more sensitive analytical techniques. In this paper, the research progress in saliva analysis for drugs of abuse and psychoactive drugs in the last ten years was introduced, focusing on sample preparation and analytical techniques. The limitation of saliva sample, the analytical difficulties and the research hotspots were also summarized.