中文摘要：

石墨烯是由sp2杂化的碳原子紧密排列而形成的蜂窝状二维层状晶体,具有众多奇异的电子、热、机械及光学等特性和广泛的应用前景.近年来,受到石墨烯研究的启示,新型二维层状晶体如六方氮化硼、过渡金属硫族化合物以及硅烯等受到越来越多的关注,正成为国际学术界的研究热点.本文简明地评述了碳基二维晶体材料研究的历史及现状,特别是石墨烯和硼、氮杂化石墨烯的研究进展,最后对碳基二维新材料的研究发展趋势进行了展望.

英文摘要：

Graphene,consisting of a hexagonal arrangement of carbon atoms on a single plane with sp2 bond,is the two dimensional （2D） allotrope of carbon with a number of unique properties.Prompted by the blossoming research in graphene,much attention has been focused on graphene hybrids and other 2D materials,i.e.hexagonal boron nitride,TMDs （transition metal dichalcogenides）,silicene,etc.This paper presents a brief review of the history and status quo of researches on carbon-based 2D atomic layers,especially graphene and its related hybrids with boron and nitrogen,along with a discussion about what can be expected of studies on 2D carbon-based new materials in the near future.