中文摘要：

新疆的贫困问题不仅是一项经济社会课题,更是一项事关西北边疆安全与稳定的政治课题。该问题的有效解决很大程度上取决于新疆农村地区扶贫资金的使用效率。基于新疆农村居民家庭人均纯收入分组数据,采用SVAR模型及脉冲响应函数,测算了1988-2012年新疆农村地区的FGT贫困指数,分析扶贫资金投入对新疆农村地区的减贫作用。结果表明,新疆农村地区贫困程度波动明显,2012年新疆农村贫困广度为13.9%、贫困深度为6.7%、贫困强度为7.4%;贫困人口＂被脱贫＂现象仍然存在,贫困标准有待进一步提高;新疆农村Gini系数已达0.49,收入分配状况不容乐观;扶贫资金的投入对降低新疆农村地区贫困广度和贫困深度作用较为明显,而对贫困强度的改善作用比较微弱。今后扶贫工作中,更加注重精准扶贫和最贫困人口状况是提高扶贫资金减贫效果的关键所在。

英文摘要：

Poverty in Xinjiang is not only an economic and social issue, but more a political issue about the security and stability of the northwest borderland of China. Poverty reduction depends largely on the efficiency of the use of the poverty relief funds in Xinjiang rural areas. Based on the stratified per capita net income data of rural residents in Xinjiang, and applying the SVAR model and impulse response function, this paper estimated the FGT poverty index of Xinjiang rural area and analyzed the effects of funding for poverty alleviation in rural areas of Xinjiang. Results show that poverty degree fluctuated significantly in Xinjiang, with poverty breadth for 13.9%, poverty depth for 6.7%, and poverty severity for 7.4% in 2012. This paper also found that the poor population being counted as ＂out of poverty＂ phenomenon and the standard of poverty also needs to be further improved. In addition, the Gini coefficient in Xinjiang rural areas has reached 0.49, meaning that income distribution is not optimal in these areas. Poverty relief funds could reduce the poverty breadth and poverty depth significantly, but it has relatively small impact on the poverty severity. In the future, the poverty alleviation with precise target and paying more attention on the poorest population are keys to the improvement of the poverty alleviation efforts.