中文摘要：

一氧化氮（NO）是体内重要的信使分子,其参与血管、气道平滑肌的调节、神经递质的传递、细胞杀伤、肿瘤细胞的溶解及内分泌激素的释放等众多过程,与多种疾病的发生、发展密切相关。诱导型一氧化氮合酶（iNOS）可在细胞因子等的刺激下催化生成NO,进而调节多种生物学功能,近年来研究表明iNOS及其催化生成的NO对多种寄生虫具有杀伤作用,表明其在抗寄生虫感染中具有重要作用。因此,本文就近年来iNOS和NO在抗寄生虫感染中的作用及机制以及影响iNOS表达的相关因素作一综述,为临床抗寄生虫药物的研发提供新的思路和方向。

英文摘要：

An important biological messenger in organisms,nitric oxide（NO）has various biological functions and mediates multiple physiological and pathological processes,such as regulating the smooth muscle of blood vessels and airways,transmitting neurotransmitters,killing cells,dissolving cancer cells,and releasing endocrine hormones.When stimulated by cytokines,inducible nitric oxide synthase（iNOS）catalyzes the synthesis of NO from L-arginine.Over the past few years,studies have indicated that iNOS and NO have the ability to kill various parasites,such as Leishmania,Toxoplasma gondii,Trichinella spiralis,and Schistosoma and that iNOS plays an important role in combatting infection by parasites.This paper summarizes the mechanisms by which iNOS and NO inhibit parasitic infection and factors influencing the expression of iNOS.This work may lead to new ways of thinking and new directions for the development of agents to combat parasites in clinical settings.