中文摘要：

对河流、水库、湖泊、冰川、海洋等冰、水情实现全天候自动化监测足水力信息化的一个重要研究领域。本文介绍了冰的弱导电性特点,基于空气、冰与水的电阻、电容值随温度变化的特点,提出利用空气、冰与水物理特性差异实现对冰、水情全天候自动化监测的基本原理与系统实现模型,展望了这一方法的应用前景及今后研究的方向。

英文摘要：

The all-weather automatically monitoring and measuring the circumstance of river、reservoir.lake,glacier and inshore ice is an important research field of water information. The weak conductibility of ice, the changes of resistance and capacitance of air, ice and water varied with temperature are infroduced, the novel principle and model for all-weather automatic monitoring and measuring based on the physical characteristic difference of air, ice and water are discussed. The application prospect of this method and the study direction in future are pointed.