中文摘要：

蜱是一类专门寄生于脊椎动物的体表寄生虫,是继蚊子之后的第二大传播媒介。它们传播多种疫病,不仅给畜牧业造成极大的经济损失,而且还引起人类发生疾病甚至死亡。MicroRNA（简称miRNA）是18nt~25nt的非编码小RNA,具有组织特异性和阶段特异性的特点。miRNA作用于靶基因的3′端非翻译区以抑制其表达或者降解mRNA,进而在后转录水平发挥着重要的生物学调控作用,如生长发育和先天性免疫等。有研究显示,miRNA可能调控幼蜱的生长发育,并对蜱虫吸血和血液消化有一定的作用。论文综述了miRNA在蜱体内的研究概况及其生物学功能的研究进展,以期为蜱的研究提供参考。

英文摘要：

Ticks are a kind of ectoparasites in vertebrate hosts,which are the second largest vectors after the mosquitoes.They transmit a variety of diseases not only causing great economic losses to livestock,but also resulting in human diseases even death.MicroRNA（miRNA）are a class of 18nt-25 nt non-coding small RNAs,which have the characteristics of tissue specificity and stage specificity.miRNA combine with3＇-UTR of target mRNAs to repress their expression or degrade the target mRNA,and then play an important role in biological regulation at post-transcription levels,such as growth development and innate immunity etc.Studies have shown that miRNA may regulate the larval development of ticks and play a role in blood feeding and blood digestion.In order to provide references for the research of ticks,this paper reviewed general situations and progresses of biological functions of the tick miRNA.