中文摘要：

为了全面认识地质流体中常见阳离子对水的结构的影响，在室温下通过对NaCl-H2O，CaCl2-H2O，MgCl2-H2O，CuCl2-H2O，ZnCl2～H2O和FeCl3～H2O体系中水的O-H伸缩振动拉曼谱3400cm^-1左右的最大峰频率的移动和低于3433cm^1强肩峰强弱的系统研究，考察了常见阳离子的离子电荷、离子半径、离子所属族以及络合效应等因素对水的O-H伸缩振动拉曼光谱的影响。并首次通过络合物的生成和阳离子破坏效应的共同作用来讨论相同浓度的不同种类氯盐溶液中阳离子对水氢键的影响，得到结论，对水的氢键的破坏作用：CaCl2〉MgCl2〉FeCl3〉NaCl〉ZnCl2〉CuCl2。

英文摘要：

In order to understand the effects of the common cations in geofluids on the structure of water, the present paper systematically studied the Raman spectra of NaCl-H2O, CaCl2-H2O, MgCl2-H2O, CuCl2-H2O, ZnCl2-H2O and FeCl3-H2O solutions by two methods. （1） The frequency shifts of the peak maximum around 3 400 cm^-1 in O-H stretching Raman spectra of water reveal the destruction effects of these cations on the structure of water： Ca^2＋〉Mg^2＋ 〉Na^＋ , Fe^3＋ 〉Zn^2＋ 〉 Cu^2＋ ; （2） Comparing the intensities of the shoulder peak around 3 250 cm^-1 in the O-H stretching Raman spectra of water. （1） all salts concerned destruct the structure of water; （2）with respect to the same chloride, the destruction extent of hydrogen-bond increases with concentration increasing; （3） comparing different chloride solutions at the same concentration, the destruction effects of catnions on the structure of water decrease in the sequences Ca^2＋ 〉Mg^2＋〉Na^＋ and Fe^3＋ 〉Zn^2＋ 〉Cu^2＋. （4）A hydrogen bond-affected mechanism combining cation destruction with complex compound production is supposed for the first time, and is used to explain the effects of the canions on the structure of water： CaCl2 〉MgCl2 〉FeCl3 〉NaCl〉ZnCl2 〉CuCl2.