中文摘要：

将生态位理论引入到土壤肥力评价中，利用GIS和土壤基础生态位适宜度模型，对江汉平原后湖地区耕地土壤肥力进行了综合评价。首先，确定土壤肥力评价指标体系及权系数，按照评价指标对采集的样品进行室内理化分析；然后，根据平移·级差变换法对样点数据标准化，计算各评价单元的土壤基础生态位适宜度值，通过分析土壤基础生态位适宜度值与水稻单产的关系，表明二者存在显著相关；最后，利用聚类分析法划分研究区土壤肥力级别，并借助ArcGIS实现评价结果图的输出。结果表明：研究区土壤肥力整体较高，1、2、3、4级肥力土壤分别占33．430％、35．990％、22．701％、7．879％；引入土壤基础生态位适宜度模型是对土壤肥力评价新方法的一种探索，其结果对农业生产实践具有重要的理论和指导意义。

英文摘要：

By introducing the niche-fitness theory into comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility on cultivated land, an evaluation method of integrated soil fertility, using GIS and the soil basal niche-fitness model （SBNFM）, was developed and used in the Houhu Area of Jianghan Plain. The factors affecting the level of cultivated land fertility and their weight were decided. According to the scenario, soil samples were collected and analyzed. After standardizing soil data, the soil basal niche-fitness value of every unit was calculated, which is remarkably lineary interrelated with the rice yield. With Analytical Hierarchy Process, soil fertility was divided into 4 classes in this area. By ArcGIS, the map of soil comprehensive fertility in Houhu Area was drawn, It is indicated that the soil fertility level in this area is in medium and high side, the percentages of area in levels 1,2,3 and 4 amount to 33. 430% ,35. 990% ,22. 701% and 7. 879%respectively. On the other hand, the introduction of soil basal niche-fitness model is an exploration for soil fertility evaluation, which has much theoretical and practical meanings to agricultural production.