中文摘要：

有机氰化物是一种重要的合成中间体,在药物、农药、染料和活性物质中都有应用.使用廉价、简单、低毒的氰基化合物在过渡金属的催化下通过C—CN键断裂生成复杂的氰化物是合成有机氰化物的重要手段之一.综述了不同过渡金属（如Ni,Pd,Rh,Cu,Ru,Fe,Mo,Co等）催化不同种类的氰基化合物C—CN键断裂的最新研究进展,如含C（sp1）—CN键化合物、C（sp2）—CN键化合物以及C（sp3）—CN键化合物,并对有关的反应机理及C—CN键断裂机理的进展进行了探讨.

英文摘要：

Nitriles are an important class of organic compounds which can be found in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, dyes, and bioactive compounds. Transition-metal-catalyzed C-CN bond cleavage using inexpensive, simple and less toxic nitriles is one of the most attractive modem methods for the synthesis of complicated organic cyanides. Research progress of transi- tion-metal-catalyzed （Ni, Pd, Rh, Cu, Ru, Fe, Mo, Co） different types of C-CN bond cleavage is reviewed, which includes some organic cyanides containing C（spl）-CN bond, C（sp2）-CN bond and C（sp3）-CN bond. The C-CN cleavage mecha- nisms are also discussed in this review.