中文摘要：

一氧化氮（NO）是一种很好的血小板黏附或活化的抑制剂，同时也是很有效的抗平滑肌细胞增生剂。可释放NO的聚合物材料显示出较好的抗血栓形成及抑制细胞增生的性能。本文综述了可释放NO聚合物材料的制备方法及其近年来在生物医疗器械中的应用。用来制备可释放NO聚合物材料的NO供体主要有两大类，一类是亲核NO供体N-diazeniumdiolates，另一类是S-亚硝基硫醇（RSNOs）。制备可释放NO聚合物材料的方法主要有3种：（1）通过物理掺杂的方式将小分子的NO供体分散到聚合物材料中；（2）对聚合物材料的填料微粒进行化学改性，得到可释放NO的填料粒子，再将其填充到聚合物材料中；（3）通过共价键将可释放NO的基团连接到聚合物主链及侧链上。所得到的可释放NO聚合物材料在血管内传感器、体外血液循环电路和体内移植血管等生物医疗器械中有广泛的应用。

英文摘要：

Nitric oxide （NO） is a potent inhibitor of platelet adhesion and activation, and an excellent inhibitor of smooth muscle cell proliferation. NO releasing polymers exhibite enhanced thromboresistivity and have the potential to reduce neointimal hyperplasia. In this article, the recent studies on the preparation, characterization and biomedical applications of novel NO releasing polymeric materials are reviewed. N-diazeniumdiolates and S-nitrosothiols （RSNOs） are two main types of NO donors which used to prepare NO releasing polymers. The approaches taken to prepare NO releasing polymers are classified into three categories： （1） doping discrete NO donors within polymer matrix; （2） covalent attachment of NO releasing moieties on the filler particles of the polymer to provide NO releasing properties and then dispersion them into the polymer backbone; （3） covalent linkage of NO donors to polymer molecules. The various NO releasing polymers have potential applications in biomedical devices, such as intravascular sensors, extracorporeal bloodloop circuits, and arteriovenous grafts etc.