中文摘要：

为了评价漆器修复过程中的回软程度，自行研制了一种能够表征面积微小、形态不规则的脆弱漆膜强度的夹具。该夹具与万能材料试验机配合使用，可对漆膜回软前后的强度进行定量测试。实验结果表明，陕西兴平墓葬出土的一明代漆棺残片，经聚乙二醇水溶液回软处理后，膜强度得到了明显提高，回软修复效果良好，该工作对亚浸水类型漆器文物的回软修复、保护具有科学指导意义。

英文摘要：

In order to characterize intensities of small, irregular and frail lacquer films during conservation process, a fixture was developed in the lab. Together with a universal material testing machine, this fixture tool was used to quantitatively test intensities of lacquer films before and after softening. The experiment results show that a lacquer film from a lacquer coffin unearthed from a Ming Dynasty tomb in Shaanxi province was softened in polyethylene glycol （PEG） 200. The lacquer film intensity was obviously enhanced, and the restoration result was good. The work provides a scientific guidance for softening and restoration of lacquer ware which is unevenly saturated with water unearthed from the dry area of the North China.