中文摘要：

鉴于土压力计算问题在支挡结构设计中的重要意义,系统地总结分析了土压力研究的基本现状,详细阐述了土压力计算的几个关键问题：土拱效应、水-土压力、位移效应、时间效应以及特殊土等,并指出了土拱效应在不同位移模式下以及位移和时间的耦合等方面研究的不足。最后指出完善试验模拟系统和数学计算模型、土拱效应和蠕变抽象影响因素的量化、数值分析和室内外试验相结合、加强特殊土体研究、加强现场监测和原位试验是土压力问题未来研究的重要方向。

英文摘要：

Based on the soil pressure calculation in the design of retaining structures, the author systematically did a review about the earth pressure and a detailed elaboration of the soil pressure calculation, the soil arch effect, water and soil pressure and displacement effect, time effect and special soil, etc. . The paper points out some drawbacks of the soil arch effect under different displacement as well as the coupling of displacement and time. It is concluded that the important research is a perfecting test simulation system and math model. The quantification of abstract factors involves the soil arch effect and creep deformation, the combination of outdoor, indoor experiments and numerical analysis by strengthening the research of special soil and site monitoring of the earth pressur, and the in-situ soil test in future.