目的 探讨在肾部分切除术(partial nephrectomy,PN)中选择性肾段动脉钳夹阻断(selective segmental renal artery clamping,SSRAC)对肾脏的保护作用.方法 2012年5月至2014年12月选取12头成年雄性贵州小型猪,以随机数字表法按肾动脉阻断方式分成2组:肾动脉主干钳夹阻断(main renal artery clamping,MRAC)组和SSRAC组,每组各6头.MRAC组和SSRAC组术前血肌酐(SCr)分别为(91.88 ±9.34) μmol/L和(92.92±10.52) μmol/L,尿素氮(BUN)分别为(5.49±0.74) mmol/L和(4.89±0.70) mmol/L,左肾T2弛豫时间分别为(34.08 ±2.43) ms和(34.60±2.15) ms,左肾表观弥散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC)值分别为(2.70 ±0.06)×10^-3 mm2/s和(2.65 ±0.08)×10^-3 mm2/s,两组间差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).麻醉后切除右肾,建立孤立肾动物模型.再取左侧与腰骶肌平行切口,SSRAC组和MRAC组分别夹闭左肾动脉下极支和左部肾动脉主干,两组均钳夹60 min,同时于左肾下极行PN.术后第1、7、14、21、28、90天复查两组的SCr和BUN.术后第1、7、28、90天行MRI扫描,复查左肾上极和中部的T2弛豫时间和ADC值.术后第1天和第90天每组分别处死3头,取左肾行病理检查,观察左肾上极和中极肾间质的炎症和纤维化情况.结果 MRAC组术后第1、7、14、21、28、90天的SCr分别为(342.47±30.50)、(242.23±25.74)、(154.43 ±15.65)、(146.60±11.79)、(149.00±13.07)、(132.17±10.94) μmol/L,SSRAC组分别为(258.30±28.50)、(133.37 ±13.54)、(119.40±10.28)、(122.27 ±9.16)、(123.10 ±9.10)、(93.20±9.90) μmol/L,两组比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).MRAC组术后第1天和第7天的BUN分别为(26.94 ±2.63)和(10.30±1.45) mmol/L,SSRAC组分别为(17.49 ±1.90)和(6.15±1.17)mmol/L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),术后第14、21、28、90天两组BUN比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).术
Objective To evaluate the protective effect of selective segmental renal artery clamping (SSRAC) on the remnant solitary-kidney underwent partial nephrectomy so as to provide a foundation for the using of SSRAC in clinical practices.Methods A total of 12 male pigs were randomized equally into 2 groups according to the method of renal artery clamping such as main renal artery clamping (MRAC) and SSRAC.The preoperative serum creatinine (SCr) of the MRAC group and the SSRAC group were (91.88 ± 9.34) mol/L and (92.92 ± 10.52) mol/L, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were (5.49 ± 0.74) mmol/L and (4.89 ± 0.70) mmol/L, T2 relaxation time of the left kidney were (34.08 ± 2.43) ms and (34.60 ± 2.15) ms, and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the left kidney were (2.70 ± 0.06) × 10 3 mm2/s and (2.65 ±0.08) × 10^-3 mm2/s, all without significant differences (P 〉0.05).Each subject underwent right radical nephrectomy to c reate the condition of a solitary kidney.On the left kidney,a lower pole partial nephrectomy was performed, employing either SSRAC or MRAC for 60 minutes.SCr and BUN were measured at 6 time points thereafter (day 1,7, 14,21,28,90).Magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 4 time points thereafter (day 1,7,28,90) using a 3.0T magnet, and T2 relaxation time and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of the upper and middle pole of left kidney were detected.Inflammatory cell infiltration as well as interstitial fibrosis of the upper and middle pole of left kidney were determined using renal histology on the 1 st and 90th day after operation.Results The values of SCr in the MRAC group ((342.47 ± 30.50) μmol/L, (242.23 ± 25.74) μmol/L, (154.43 ± 15.65) μmol/L, (146.60 ± 11.79) μmol/L, (149.00 ± 13.07) μmol/L, (132.17 ± 10.94) μmol/L) were significantly higher than those in the SSRAC group ((258.30 ± 28.50) μmol/L, (133.37 ± 13.54) μmol/L, (119.40 ± 10.28) μmol/L,(122.27 ?