中文摘要：

近年来我国积极推进利率市场化改革和存款保险制度建设。基于全球73个国家的经验数据，深入分析利率市场化改革和存款保险制度建设对银行风险的影响可以发现，利率市场化并不一定提高银行风险水平，利率市场化改革是否会加大银行风险取决于利率市场化改革带来的净效应；存款保险制度的建立，将有助于降低利率市场化改革后的银行风险水平，增进银行体系稳定。因此，当前不应过度夸大利率市场化对银行风险的影响而放慢利率市场化改革步伐；此外，应加快存款保险制度建设，这对降低银行风险和破产概率将具有重要意义。

英文摘要：

In recent years, China actively promotes the interest rate liberalization reform and the explicit deposit insurance construction. Based on a panel data of 73 countries, this paper examines the impact of interest rate liberalization and the explicit deposit insurance on bank risk. The results shows that interest rate liberalization does not necessarily improve bank risk. Whether the interest rate liberalization will improve the bank risk depends on the net effect it brings. The explicit deposit insurance will help to reduce the bank risk after the interest rate liberalization, and enhance banking sector stability. Therefore, we should not overstate the risk of interest rate liberalization on banking and slow down the pace of reform. In stead, we should speed up the construction of explicit deposit insurance, which will help to reduce bank risk.