中文摘要：

石油污染对生态环境和人类健康具有极大的危害。土壤中的石油污染物主要来源于石油开采、加工、运输、储存过程中的泄漏。目前,国内外土壤污染形势严峻,土壤污染治理工作已经引起公众和科技工作者的高度关注。在此背景下介绍了几种石油污染土壤修复技术,包括物理修复技术、化学修复技术、微生物修复技术和植物修复技术,并分析了这些修复技术的工作原理、适用场合以及研究现状。在此基础上从深化研究石油污染物迁移变化规律、完善改进现有土壤修复工艺、大力开发土壤组合修复技术、致力发展新型土壤修复技术、研制具有自主知识产权的土壤修复成套设备以及建立完善土壤修复评价标准和风险管理体系6个方面对石油污染土壤修复工作进行展望。

英文摘要：

Oil pollution does great harm to ecological environment and human health.The oil contamination in the soil mainly comes from the leakage in the process of exploitation,refining,transportation and the storage of oil.Now,global situation of soil contamination caused by oil is extremely serious. The increasing public and scientific concern with the problem of soil contamination has promoted the research on soil remediation technologies.This paper provided a review on the remediation technologies for soil contaminated by oil.These technologies include physical remediation,chemical remediation,bioremediation and phytoremediation.Each of these technologies was discussed with their fundamental principle,advantages versus limitations,and current advances.Finally,the future work of soil remediation was discussed in various aspects,which include the research of transport and transformation of oil contamination in soil,the improvement of existing soil remediation technologies,the development of integrated remediation technologies,the development of emerging soil remediation technologies,the design of complete sets of soil remediation equipment,and enacting evaluation system for soil remediation.